NAME
    Oracle::DML - Perl class for Oracle batch DML

SYNOPSIS
      use Oracle::DML;

      my %cfg = ('conn_string'=>'usr/pwd@db', 'table_name'=>'my_ora_tab');
      my $ot = Oracle::DML->new;
      # or combine the two together
      my $ot = Oracle::DML->new(%cfg);
      my $sql= $ot->prepare(%cfg); 
      $ot->execute();    # actually create the audit table and trigger

DESCRIPTION
    This class contains methods to create audit tables and triggers for
    Oracle tables.

  Object Constructor
   new (%arg)
    Input variables:

      $cs  - Oracle connection string in usr/pwd@db
      $tn  - Oracle table name without schema

    Variables used or routines called:

      None

    How to use:

       my $obj = new Oracle::DML;      # or
       my $obj = Oracle::DML->new;     # or
       my $cs  = 'usr/pwd@db';
       my $tn  = 'my_table'; 
       my $obj = Oracle::DML->new(cs=>$cs,tn=>$tn); # or
       my $obj = Oracle::DML->new('cs',$cs, 'tn',$tn); 

    Return: new empty or initialized Oracle::DML object.

METHODS
    The following are the common methods, routines, and functions defined in
    this class.

  Exported Tag: All
    The *:all* tag includes all the methods or sub-rountines defined in this
    class.

      use Oracle::DML qw(:all);

   insert_into ($dbh,$tab,$crf,$pr)
    Input variables:

      $dbh - database handler 
      $tab - table name
      $crf - table definition array: $crf->[$i]{$itm} 
          $i - column number
          $k - items: col, typ, req, wid, dft, etc.
               PK, CK, MP_TABLE, MP are in the last element of the array
      $pr  - additional parameters

    Variables used or routines called:

      None

    How to use:

       my $obj = new Oracle::DML;      # or
       my $obj = Oracle::DML->new;     # or
       my $cs  = 'usr/pwd@db';
       my $tn  = 'my_table'; 
       my $def = 'tables.def';
       my $crf = $self->read_tab_def($def); 
       my $sql = $obj->insert_into($dbh,$tn,$def->{$tn});  

    Return: SQL statement

   select_records($dbh,$tn,$cns,$whr,$rtp)
    Input variables:

      $dbh - a database handler.
      $tn  - table name.
      $cns - column names separated by comma.
      $whr - conditions used in WHERE clause
      $rtp - returned array type:
             ARRAY     - default, array does not contain column names.
             SFR_ARRAY - first row contains column names, i.e.,
                         skip first row when processing data
             HASH      - hashed array
             lc_hash   - column name in lower case
      $dtp - database type: Oracle|CSV|ODBC

    Variables used or routines called:

      echoMSG - display messages

    How to use:

      my $arf = $self->select_records($dbh,'emp',
            'firstname,lastname', 'sal > 10000','lc_hash');

    Return: an array reference contain the records in sequence while columns
    can be in sequence or in hash.

    The returned array can be accessed through ${$arf}[$i][$j] or
    ${$arf}[$i]{$col}. When it is ${$arf}[$i][$j], no column name is
    returned from it. When $atp = 'SFR_ARRAY', then the first row contains
    column names.

   delete_records($dbh,$tab,$col,$op,$val,$dft)
    Input variables:

      $dbh - database handler
      $tab - table name
      $col - column name
      $op  - operator such as '=','<','in','like','btw', etc.
      $val - value or values separated by space
      $dft - date format, default to 'YYYYMMDD.HH24MISS'

    Variables used or routines called:

      echoMSG    - echo message

    How to use:

      my $cs  = "usr/pwd@db";
      my $dbh = $self->getDBHandler($cs, 'Oracle');
      $self->insert($dbh, 'myTab', 'ID', 'in', 'A B C');

    Return: None.

    If operator is 'like', then you can use wildcard such as '%' or '?' in
    the $val. You can only use one string, and the others after the first
    blank space will be ignored.

   insert_records($dbh,$tab,$drf,$pk,$dft)
    Input variables:

      $dbh - database handler
      $tab - target table name
      $drf - data array reference: ${$arf}[$i]{$col} or 
             a source table.
      $pk  - primary key. 
      $dft - date format. Defaults to 'YYYYMMDD.HH24MISS'

    Variables used or routines called:

      echoMSG      - echo message
      check_input_drf - check input array ref
      is_object_exist   - check object existence
      get_table_definition  - get table definitions
      select_records - get table data 

    How to use:

      my $cs  = 'usr/pwd@db';
      my $dbh = $self->getDBHandler($cs, "Oracle");
      my $drf = $self->select_records($dbh,$srctab,'*','','hash');
      my $tab = "test_table";
      $self->insert_records($dbh,$tab,$drf); 

    Return: None.

    This method inserts records in a data array ($drf) into a table. If the
    primary key is specified, it checks to see if the primary key does not
    exist in the table. If the primary key exists, it will skip inserting
    the record. Here are the steps involved in this method: 1) Checks
    whether the table exists; 2) Gets the table definition; 3) Compares the
    column names with the column names in the array; 4) Gets a list of
    primary keys in the table; 5) Loops through each records in the array;
    6) Inserts records only if the primary key does not exist in the table.

   check_records($dbh,$tab,$drf,$ckc,$dft)
    Input variables:

      $dbh - database handler
      $tab - target table name
      $drf - data array reference: ${$arf}[$i]{$col} or 
             a source table.
      $chc - a list of column names separated by comma and 
             to be checked against the column definition.
      $dft - date format. Defaults to 'YYYYMMDD.HH24MISS'
      $pk  - primary key. Defaults to the first column

    Variables used or routines called:

      echoMSG      - echo message
      check_input_drf - check input array ref
      is_object_exist   - check object existence
      get_table_definition  - get table definitions
      select_records - get table data 

    How to use:

      my $cs  = 'usr/pwd@db';
      my $dbh = $self->getDBHandler($cs, "Oracle");
      my $drf = $self->select_records($dbh,$srctab,'*','','hash');
      my $tab = "test_table";
      my $rrf = $self->check_records($dbh,$tab,$drf); 

    Return: $rrf - report hash array reference. The $rrf contains
    ${$rrf}{$cat}{$itm}{...}, where

      cn - column name
        {cn}{no_missing_in_array} - number of colunm name missing
              in the array comparing to the column names in the
              table.
        {cn}{nm_missing_in_array} - a list of column names separated
              by comma, which are missing in the array comparing to
              the column names in the table.
      rec - record related statistics
        {rec}{total} - total number of records in the array
      col - column statistics
        {col}{$cn}{wid} - statistics related to width and range
            {ok_cnt} - number of records within max and min width and
                       not null requirement if there is any
            {ok_pct} - percentage of the ok records
            {emp_rec} - number of empty records, which is excluded 
                       from ok_cnt if it is 'not null' column. 
            {bad_typ} - number of bad datatype records.
            {out_rng} - number of record which is out of range.
                       The range is determined by max and min width
                       for char columns and max and dec width for 
                       number fields.
            {rownum} - a list of row numbers for the records that
                       exceed the max width for char columns or
                       is out of range for numeric fields. 

    This method checks data fields against column definition and report any
    records that do not confirm with the column definition. Here are the
    steps involved in this method:

      1) Checks inputs and data array;
      2) Gets the table definition; 
      3) Compares the column names with the column names in the array;
      4) Check data fields 
      5) Report results 

   update_records($dbh,$tab,$drf,$pk,$dft,$skn)
    Input variables:

      $dbh - database handler
      $tab - target table name
      $drf - data array reference: ${$arf}[$i]{$col} or
             a source table.
      $pk  - primary key. Defaults to the first column or specified as
             my_id
             my_id:upper
             my_id=u_id
             my_id:lpad('0',?)=u_id:lpad('0',?)
      $dft - date format. Defaults to 'YYYYMMDD.HH24MISS'
      $skn - skip null: 1|0.
             1 - default to skip updating the column if the new value
                 is null but the target column is not null.
             0 - update the column any way.

    Variables used or routines called:

      echoMSG      - echo message
      is_object_exist  - check object existence
      get_table_definition  - get table definitions
      select_records - get table data 

    How to use:

      my $cs  = 'usr/pwd@db';
      my $dbh = $self->getDBHandler($cs, "Oracle");
      my $drf = $self->select_records($dbh,$srctab,'*','','hash');
      my $tab = "test_table";
      $self->update_records($dbh,$tab,$drf); 

    Return: None.

    This method updates records in a data array ($drf) into a table if the
    primary key does not exist in the table. Here are the steps involved in
    this method: 1) Checks whether the table exists; 2) Gets the table
    definition; 3) Get common column names in table and in the array; 4)
    Gets a list of primary keys in the table; 5) Loops through each records
    in the array; 6) Updates records only if the primary key does exist in
    the table.

  Exported Tag: Misc
    The *:misc* tag includes all the miscellaneous methods or sub-rountines
    defined in this class.

      use Oracle::DML qw(:misc);

HISTORY
    * Version 0.10
        This version is to test the concept.

    * Version 0.2
SEE ALSO (some of docs that I check often)
        Data::Describe, Oracle::Loader, Oracle::Trigger, CGI::Getopt,
        File::Xcopy, Oracle::DDL, Oracle::DML, etc

AUTHOR
        Copyright (c) 2005 Hanming Tu. All rights reserved.

        This package is free software and is provided "as is" without
        express or implied warranty. It may be used, redistributed and/or
        modified under the terms of the Perl Artistic License (see
        http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html)